![]() As you can see in Figure 1 below, the range of microwave wavelengths is from 0.01 cm to 10 cm. The absorbed microwave energy heats these molecules and cooks the food. Microwaves work well for cooking because their energy can be efficiently absorbed by molecules commonly found in food, including water, sugars, and fats. ![]() So waves with high frequency have short wavelengths, and waves with low frequency have long wavelengths.Įlectromagnetic waves interact with materials in different ways, depending on the nature of the material and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave. The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is inversely proportional to its frequency. As the frequency decreases, so does the energy. Electromagnetic waves cover a huge range of frequencies, from high-frequency gamma rays and x-rays, to ultraviolet light, visible light, and infrared light, and on into microwaves and radio waves. They do not depend on an external medium-unlike a mechanical wave such as a sound wave which must travel through air, water, or some solid medium. Electromagnetic waves can travel through the vacuum of interstellar space. Microwaves, like light, are an example of electromagnetic waves.
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